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Cotton -Gossypium herbaceum

Angiosperm , dikotylon cotton plant (Gossypium herbaceum) belongs to the class of Malachodon and family Malachoeidon.

Native to tropical regions of Africa and Asia are known from ancient times and is grown for its fiber. In excavations in India found remnants of cotton fabrics calculated around 3000 BC.

In Greece first came from Asia at the time of Alexander the Great around 325BC. Its cultivation then spread to other European countries of the Mediterranean.

In those years it was referred to as Cotton Tree, which demonstrates that tree- cultivated cotton varieties . The cultivation of cotton in Greece mentioned by Pausanias 2 AD century under the name "BISSA". The cultivation was extended on a large scale around 550AD.

Its scientific name is gosypio and stems branch reaching a height of 1.5 meters and 6 meters in arborescent varieties. He leaves with long stalks , large and foil . At the base of the stem are two small stipules usually serrated . The flowers emerge from the leaf axils and are large, solitary and produced by buds . The flowering buds in principle resemble small pyramids and at this stage the flowers are called combs . The fruit is capsule and has 8-10 seeds surrounded by white fibers . The mature fibers comprise a high proportion of cellulose.

Today cotton is grown in many countries of the world but most of the production comes from the northern hemisphere.

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